BURNS AND SCALDS

 BURNS AND SCALDS

Burns are caused by dry heat or chemicals, while scalds are caused by moist heat.

Causes of Burns

- Flames

- Hot metals

- Electricity

- Lightning

- Friction

- Acids

- Alkalis

Causes of Scalds

- Boiling water

- Steam

- Hot liquids

Severity of Burns

Depends on extent and location.

Body percentages:

Head (9%), Upper limb (18%), Trunk front (18%), Trunk back (18%), Lower limb (18%), Neck (1%)

Effects of Burns

- Shock

- Infection

- Scarring

- More severe in children and elderly

General Treatment

- Remove from source

- Treat shock

- Cover with clean dry dressing

- Do not remove stuck clothing

- Do not apply ointments

7. Specific Treatments

Burning clothing: Smother flames, cover burn

Scalds: Remove wet clothes, dress wound

Eye burns: Wash with water

Chemical burns: Neutralize and wash

Mouth/throat burns: Give milk, seek help


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